How to Use Chou in French Conversation

If youre talking about cabbage in French, then youre going to need to know how to use the word  chou.  Pronounced shoo, the word  chou  can be used to describe a cabbage or as a term of endearment akin to darling or dear. Using  Chou  in Conversation As a vegetable, chou can be served grated raw in a salad, boiled then creamed with bacon bits, stuffed with milk-soaked bread, sausage, eggs, vegetables, and herbs or baked in a cabbage galette with herbs and lardons (hearty French smoked bacon). But, really, the options are only limited by the culinary imagination of Frances  talented regional and restaurant cooks. The use as a term of endearment  may derive from the pretty, frilly, green, slightly delicate Savoy cabbage that the French have a certain affection for. On va manger du chou. Were going to eat some cabbage.Salade de chou rouge  est un excellent example de la cuisine minceur de  Michel Guà ©rard. Red cabbage salad is an excellent example of [chef] Michel Guà ©rards slimming cuisine.Ça va mon [petit] chou? How are you, my darling (my sweet)? Related Words There are a number of related words with chou as their root, for example: un chouchou darling, pet  chouchouter (informal) to pamper, coddle  la choucroute sauerkraut (brine-marinated cabbage)les choux de Bruxelles Brussels sprouts These root  words also wind up in some common French expressions, such as: à ªtre dans les choux (informel) to be screwed up, lost, in trouble  faire chou blanc to draw a blank, to lead nowhereCest chou vert et vert chou.   Its green cabbage and cabbage green. [meaning, roughly: Its the same either way.] Additional Resources As you expand your  vocabulary, youll want to learn more ways to talk about food with your loved ones. French terms of endearmentFood in French

The African American Culture And Consciousness From The...

New Day in Babylon is a book describing the long term effects on African American culture and consciousness from the short lived Black Power movement. The book was written by William L. Van Deburg. Van Deburg received his B.A. in history from Western Michigan University then continued on to attain his PH.D. in American History from Michigan State University. Some of his works include, The Slave Drivers: Black Agricultural Labor Supervisors in the Antebellum South, Slavery and Race in American Popular Culture, Black Camelot: African-American Culture Heroes in Their Times, 1960-1980, and Hoodlums: Black Villains and Social Bandits in American Life. New Day in Babylon describes the lasting effects of the revolutionary Black Power movement. Van Deburg details how every aspect of African American culture was affected by the Black Power movements’ emergence into American society. He describes why there was a need for a Black Power movement by describing the condition of the African American in America. There were many socio-economic disparities that served as barriers preventing the â€Å"American Dream† for most African Americans. Van Deburg also describes the mind sets of many of the Black Power movement’s leaders as they attempted to describe the hypocrisy that is America. The condition of African Americans when compared to the American Anthem’s verse â€Å"land of the free, home of the brave† was more accurately described as â€Å"land of the free, home of the slave†. Not only wasShow MoreRelatedSteve Biko vs. Malcolm X1722 Words   |  7 PagesMalcolm X and Steve Biko Black Cons ciousness Malcolm X and Steve Biko were one of the two most preeminent leaders in world history. These men changed lives and stood up for millions of Africans and African Americans during their short lives. These two men lived by a saying â€Å"black is beautiful†. 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In this essay, Locke describes the contemporary conditions of black Americans, and discusses the trajectory and potential of black culture to affect global change in its historical moment (Locke 47). Locke wrote this essay in the midst of the Harlem Renaissance, a period in which black artists and intellectuals sought to reconceptualize black lives apart from the stereotypes and racist portrayalsRead MoreA Slave’S Awakening . . . Yifan Lin. . . . History 1301.1085 Words   |  5 PagesMay 4th ,2017 Fredrick Douglas, a black slave, wrote the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, an American Slave. The autobiography not only reveals the cruel nature of slavery but also discusses the issue of how slavery was maintained for such long time. Douglas enlightened us about the idea of that: knowledge is power, knowledge changes fate, and â€Å"it is the only access to freedom†. Frederick Douglas from (1817-1895), was one of the most prominent black leaders in the US history. 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Human Behavior in Organization Introduction free essay sample

Human Behavior in Organization Topic:*Nature amp; Scope of Human Behavior in Organization (HBO) *Key Behavioral Science Assumptions Reporter:Khimberly L. Macapagal, RN Schedule:MSN I-B 7:30-5:00pm Importance of HBO gt; To know how people, as individuals and as groups act within the organization. Human behavior in an organization determines the quality of work, progress and success of the organization. No machine and no computer can work by itself. No product is developed and manufactured by itself. Its the workforce or rather the human resources of an organization who develop ideas, create services and then deliver them to the clients. Thus, it is important for the management of an organization to analyze the behavior of its entire work force. Every organization differs from the other with respect to its policies, work environment, recruitment process, job evaluation and culture. The organization must treat its work force with immense dignity and respect and provide sufficient compensation. The work force must be treated as an asset, not a liability, and once this is done you will notice remarkable change in the collective human behavior. Apart from the internal environment, the external personal environment plays a major role in his/her behavior and attitude. We are social animals with unique aspirations, hopes, insecurities. Only those who enjoy their work can have a healthy balance between personal and professional life. Those who dont enjoy their work will most likely not be satisfied with the work nor be content in their personal life due to the imbalance that exists. Scope of HBO Human behavior is a challenging in every aspect. It not only deals to with the changing human nature but also a different behavior with respect to time. The scope of human behavior is very huge. It has very large area of research. It can have wide impact on people and society. The nature of understanding human behavior is not an easy topic for the discussion. Anyone who is interested has to go through many research on understanding the brain functionality together with the model of modeling such behavior. Nature of HBO * Individual Difference * Perception * A Whole Person Desire for Involvement * Value of the Person * Motivated Behavior Key Behavioral Science Assumptions I. Leadership of People 1. Skeptics are my best friends. People support what they help create. 3. Assumptions amp; Thoughts -gt;  Behavior -gt;  Consequences: (ABCDE)  Desired vs. Experienced—Unintended Consequences. 4. Peer pressure works quite well—there are always natural/informal leaders. 5. Consistency and integrity are the most important leadership behaviors to employees. 6. Give credit to others—let them give it to you. 7. Praise in public, criticize in private. . The troops eat first. 9. Start tight—then you can loosen up (Leadership 101). II. Change 1. Change has predictable behaviors (The Rollercoaster of Change). 2. The Rollercoaster of Change is natural, normal, and highly predictable. 3. People are naturally more energized and motivated if they are delegated an entire (whole) job with direct customer contact—Plan, Do, Control. 4. You cannot change others, only yourself—your reactions and your own behavior towards others. 5. If you find it hard to change your behavior and habits, think how hard it is for others to change. 6. Fear does not motivate people to really change, especially long term on their own. They just move enough to respond to the perceived threat. 7. Organizations are dependency models at the lowest level of maturity. Most adults have risen above it to the independent or interdependent maturity level. 8. Dont burn bridges or treat others with anything but dignity and respect—what goes around eventually comes around back to you. 9. The main question to ask in any situation is,  Are we making progress (towards our goals)?   Are we making continuous improvement? Do we have problems and are they getting better? I. Individuals 1. People dislike surprises. (Confidentiality is a myth anyway. ) 2. I want input into decisions that effect me before the decision is final (do it  with  me, not  to  me). 3. Whats In It For Me? (WIIFM). We are all goal directed. 4. Saying Im sorry or youre right or I apologize are some of the toughest words to say in the English language—but honesty builds trust. 5. If you see or discover a mistake or wrong action, you are now part of the problem. You have only two choices: collude to be part of it or work to change it. Ignoring it is to collude to allow it to happen again. . Honoring the past allows for and frees me up to change in the future. 7. Having integrity gives you power—the power of honesty, the power of directness, and the power of trust. 8. You cannot injure or hurt my self esteem without my permission and collusion. Know where your limits and where your line of self-esteem are—protect them and dont let others cross your line . 9. By understanding and empathizing with others first, you have then earned the right to disagree with them as a  royal skeptic. I. Theorists 1. Freud was right:   Rewards and consequences and fears do drive behavior. . Skinner was right:   Positive behavioral reinforcement works better than negative. 3. Freud was right:   Most people avoid conflict and pain like the plague. 4. Maslow was right:   We have a  Hierarchy of Needs: 1. Food, clothing, and shelter, 2. Safety and security, 3. Belongingness and love, which must be met for 4. Esteem, self esteem, and then 5. Self-actualization to fully blossom! I. Learning and Simplicity 1. Our retention fades fast—we need booster shots (4 times) with reinforcement regularly to retain new learnings and behaviors. 2. Adults learn best by doing. (Struggling accelerates the learning. ) 3. Root causes are delayed in time and space—search for them. 4. We become more complex and set in our ways over time (complexity vs. simplicity). 5. Simplicity wins the Game of Change every time. 6. Feedback is a gift—the breakfast of champions—be open to it, model it for others. Central Luzon Doctors’ Hospital Educational Institution Graduate School Department Master of Science in Nursing Course Title:Human Behavior in O rganization Topic:Concepts and Principles of Human Behavior By: Francis Robert R. Lim Behavior a response of an individual or group to an action, environment, person, or stimulus. * the manner of conducting oneself. * observable activity in a human or animal. The aggregate of responses to internal and external stimuli. A stereotyped species-specific activity, as a courtship dance * the action or reaction of any material under given circumstances. * manner of behaving, whether good or bad; mode of conducting ones self; conduct; deportment; carriage; used also of inanimate objects; as, the behavior of a ship in a storm; the behavior of the magnetic needle. Human Behavior The capacity of mental, physical, emotional, and social activities experienced during the five stages of a human beings life prenatal, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Includes the behaviors as dictated by culture, society, values, morals, ethics, and genetics. Human Behavior in Organization * The workers activities are activities of humans and are therefore an essential part of humanity. These activities have at least five dimensions, on the main aspects that must be considered in the analysis of work, and all the employee needs to be entrepreneur and feel accomplished for production: Technical aspects involves issues relating to place of work and adjustment physiological and sociological. * Physiological aspects is the degree of adaptation man place of work Physical environment and the problem of fatigue the human being is not a machine and does not work like a machine. * Moral aspect considers the skills, the motivation, the degree of awareness, satisfaction and the intimate relationship between work activity and personality the work is an extension of personality, is how a person measures his worth and his humanity. Social aspect considers the specific issues in the working environment and external factors such as family, social class, etc.. * Economic aspect as the production of wealth the work is a way of life. Principles of Human Behavior * Human beha viour can be identified as the result of attempts to satisfy certain needs. These needs can be simple and easy to understand such as the need of food, water and shelter. However it can also be complex such as the need of respect or acceptance. Leadership and human behaviour work hand in hand. To   be   a   successful   leader,   you   must   understand   your people and work with   them   to   resolve   their   problems. By examining human behavior, we can expand the knowledge we need to better understand people. Human behaviour study helps us understand why people act and react in certain ways. Leadership and Human Behavior Preferences: * As a leader in order to accomplish your goals, you need to interact with your followers, peers, seniors, and others; whose support your needs to accomplish the goals. To gain their support, you must be able to understand and motivate them. Human nature is the common qualities of all human beings. People behave according to certain principles of human nature. Values,  beliefs, and customs differ from country to country and even within group to group, but in general, all people have a few basic needs. As a leader you must understand these needs because they can be powerful motivators. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs * Basic Needs * are physiological, such as food, water, sleep and psychological, such as affection, security, and self-esteem. * Metaneeds *   These include justice, goodness, beauty, order, unity, etc. Basic needs normally take priority over these Meta needs. A need higher in the hierarchy will become a motive of behaviour as long as the needs below it have been satisfied. Unsatisfied lower needs will dominate unsatisfied higher needs and must be satisfied before the person can climb up the hierarchy. So in order to be successful leaders of tomorrow, leaders have to fulfil the basic needs which are physiological needs, safety and belonging. Central Luzon Doctors’ Hospital Educational Institution Graduate School Department Master of Science in Nursing.

Research and Comply with Regulatory Requirements for Economy

Question: Discuss about theResearch and Comply with Regulatory Requirements for Economy. Answer: An entrepreneur can invest in various business available in the economy based on their required rate of return. In Australia, one of the most attractive industries in the food and beverage sector. As a segment that has a perpetual future due to the nature of the product and the needs of the people, it attracts many entrepreneurs. Besides, other companies seek to expand their capacity by ensuring that they receive maximum benefits. Nevertheless, due to the products nature and consumer relations, regulatory bodies impose rules on this industry for consumer protection. Futura Group Hotels has operated in this sector, but since it seeks to expound it Beach Caf to provide alcoholic drinks and restaurant services, it has to comply with new regulations. As the FB manager, this paper aims to explore the list of requirements, develop organizational policies and recommend the measure to ensure that employees meet these rules. Expanding the Beach Caf into a bar and restaurant requires some licenses. First, the club license that allows the Futura Bar and restaurant to sell liquor for consumption on the premises. This permit has a fee payment based on the agency used to acquire it. If Futura Bar and restaurant engage in any gaming activities, then it may receive a full club license. Secondly, Futura Bar and restaurant must obtain an entertainment venue license if it seeks to provide entertainment to its clients. This requirement restricts the hours between 9 pm and 5 am to ensure that people going to work are not disrupted. Thirdly, hotel license that has extensive conditions regarding trading hours and meals provisions. Health and safety standards must be met to get this license. Additionally, Futura Bar and restaurant will acquire a residential permit for providing accommodation and must abide by the requirements for the sale of alcohol. Failure to meet sale of alcohol requirements may amount to penalties from 170,000 dollars. The national measurement institute and consumer and business service agencies provide advisory information on such conditions (ABLIS business gov.au.2017, p. 1). Futura Bar and restaurant is required to comply with the food standard codes. These standards apply to all to the organization since it is involved in the provision of food and beverages. It, therefore, has to heed to food safety requirements, labeling of food and other related information and ensure that substances added to food are approved. Besides, Futura Bar and restaurant has to comply with pre-market clearance, chemical limits and food processing standards. These requirements are stated in the Food Act both on the local and state levels which Futura Bar and restaurant should follow. Otherwise, it faces penalties and closure (Authority, A.N.Z.F., 2002, p 8). Additionally, Futura Bar and restaurant will comply with the requirements of a liquor license. Like the food standards license, this permit requires that the measurement of alcohol should be done according to the provided volume scale such as milliliters, liters, and gallons. Besides, the cost of production or purchase should be provided. Also, the liquor permit requires that all operations such as entertainment be reported during the application (ABLIS business gov.au.2017, p. 2). Buying an insurance policy is a standard business trend today. Futura Bar and restaurant should purchase insurance policies for fire and other defined events that may result in the damage of the property. It should take an insurance cover on burglary for indemnification in case of money and machinery theft. Also, a public and product liability insurance cover is essential where the enterprise is responsible for personal injury (NRMA Insurance. 2017, p 1). Futura Bar and restaurant will have taxation regulations such as payroll tax for all the employees whose salary meets the taxation requirements. Besides a corporate tax for the business based on the annual revenue will be charged. Tax evasion leads to substantial penalties to the company and imprisonment for individuals accused of such a crime. Additionally, National Employment Standards, written and verbal contracts should be available regarding the job status of each employee, it should state the agreed benefits and whether the job is casual, part-time or full time. Futura Bar and restaurant has to comply with the requirements of recruitment such as equal opportunities and fair working conditions for employees. It should provide a healthy and safe workplace according to the WHS requirements that institute the inspection of working conditions. All these specifications are subject to appropriate advice as the regulations keep changing. Besides, risk management relating to investing a nd personnel should be conducted (ABLIS business gov.au.2017, p. 6). Based on the above requirements for Futura Bar and restaurant, as a manager, some organization policies must be formulated. First, in compliance with food standards, hygiene and food preparation standards must be maintained. Therefore, staff responsible for the purchase of food ingredients should ensure that they meet Food Act standards. As such supervision and reporting of the quality of purchased products will be necessary. Additionally, in the kitchenette, hygiene policies such as mandatory washing of hands, clean aprons, and cooking space will be ensured (Williams, et al, 2006, p. 10). As per the food Act and safety standards, each employee must comply as per of the job description and professional standards. Besides, regular training programs may be implemented to ensure that employees are aware of the food standards regarding hygiene and food safety (Brandt, 2017, p. 2). For employees in the Bar department dealing with the sale of alcohol, it is imperative that requirements are met. For instance, before the sale of any alcoholic drink, employees should request an identification card, especially for the young generation. Besides, these employees should update the records on purchase and sale of alcohol, both cost, and quantity. Besides, any mixed drinks should be provided according to the food safety standards (Gruber, et al 2003, p. 369). Additionally, these employees are liable for entertainment services in the bar. Time regulations should be monitored and noise pollution minimized as possible. As such, schedule and music volume played shall be implemented to accommodate the time frames provided. For instance, late nights will have quiet music, unlike early night hours. As a manager of Futura Bar and restaurant, complying tax regulations is vital. Therefore, the accounting and audit department should provide quarterly financial records to facilitate the estimation of tax payable. Besides, every payroll shall include a remittance of employee income tax to the tax authority. Therefore, before the payment of salaries, the human resource shall deduct taxes while the finance office shall budget for the super obligation. Alternatively, according to the employment standards, job positions shall be advertised and fair recruitment process conducted. Besides, the HR department shall screen the right candidates taking into account workforce diversity, and employment contracts signed. Working shifts shall be provided for employees whose job positions require long working hours. Per se, two working shifts shall be maintained with each employee alternating in working hours. While interpersonal skills shall be enhanced, report forms for harassment shall be filled with the HR department. Effective communication and employee engagement should facilitate anti-bullying behavior (Business.gov.au. 2017, p 2). Despite the formulation of policies to ensure that employees are following standards, there are cases of non-compliance. It is such situations that may influence legal intervention if the management does not monitor them. Therefore, as a manager consistent evaluation of operational non-compliance is vital. First, as a manager compliance monitoring strategies will be implemented. On-site supervision and inspector training are some of the systems to ensure employees are aware of the compliance needs. For areas such as the kitchen, regular inspections during working hours should be conducted to ensure that the employees comply with hygiene requirements. Hence, on-site supervision, routine inspection, and inspector training are some of the systems used to monitor non-compliance (Martin, et al 2003, p 430). These evaluation systems have various outcomes. On-site supervision identifies areas that require food standards training for improvement and also recognizes employees who are consistent with compliance and those who are not. Once that gap between the standards necessary and attained criteria are identified, inspector training is implemented to bridge this gap (Aruoma, 2006, p.120). As such, employees who fall below standard performance are sensitized on such requirements. Additionally, regular inspection allows guidance towards improvement. The results of these evaluation systems enable the modification and implementation of changes towards meeting food and beverage standards. The food and beverage industry has consistent regulation, and legislation modifications frequently occur than other sectors. Once passed, Futura Bar and restaurant has to comply. Keeping up with such regulation changes may be a challenge are they require regular employee training and making sure that management is aware of the changes. In the age of social media and information sharing, employees in the legal department are expected to update Futura Bar and restaurant management on any changes in regulation and provide advisory services. Secondly, consistent inspector training not only compliance but also guarantees that regulatory changes are updated and implemented (Hsieh, 2012, p.98). Ensuring that personnel at all levels of responsibility are aware of regulation changes is essential. For a manager, consistent review of regulation changes and seeking advice from the legal team provides that such employees are aware of the legislative changes in the industry. As the top authority group, then effective communication should enhance. Other employees should be communicated to the changes that occur in regulation and directed on how to implement these modifications. Besides, employee engagement ensures that transfer of information through various communication channels is maximized and that all the information is correct (Brandt, 2017, p. 3). In Australia, various documentation may be used to assist in compliance and consistent improvement. The food safety documentation provides information all the areas that should be supervised to ensure standards are met. It covers hygiene, health and safety standards that should be met during the preparation of food (Brandt, 2017, p. 3). Futura Bar and restaurant should use this document and conduct regular on-site supervision to ensure that compliance and continuous improvement are efficiently managed. Bibliography ABLIS business gov.au. (2017). [online] Available at: https://ablis.business.gov.au/pages/home.aspx [Accessed 1 Nov. 2017]. Aruoma, O.I., 2006. The impact of food regulation on the food supply chain. Toxicology, 221(1), pp.119-127. Authority, A.N.Z.F., 2002. Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. Victoria: Anstat Pty Ltd. Brandt, K. (2017). Standard operating procedures (SOPs) : Regulations, Policies, and Procedures : For Foodservice Industry : Food Safety : Food : University of Minnesota Extension. [online] Extension.umn.edu. Available at: https://www.extension.umn.edu/food/food-safety/food-service-industry/regulations/standard-operating-procedures/ [Accessed 1 Nov. 2017]. Business.gov.au. (2017). Work Health and Safety (OHS) acts, regulations and codes of practice. [online] Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/run/workplace-health-and-safety/whs-oh-and-s-acts-regulations-and-codes-of-practice [Accessed 1 Nov. 2017]. Gruber, J., Brooke-Taylor, S., Goodchap, J. and McCullum, D., 2003. Regulation of food commodities in Australia and New Zealand. Food Control, 14(6), pp.367-373. Hsieh, Y.C., 2012. Hotel companies' environmental policies and practices: a content analysis of their web pages. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(1), pp.97-121. Martin, T., Dean, E., Hardy, B., Johnson, T., Jolly, F., Matthews, F., McKay, I., Souness, R. and Williams, J., 2003. A new era for food safety regulation in Australia. Food Control, 14(6), pp.429-438. NRMA Insurance. (2017). Hospitality Insurance. [online] Available at: https://www.nrma.com.au/business-insurance/hospitality [Accessed 1 Nov. 2017]. Williams, P., Yeatman, H., Ridges, L., Houston, A., Rafferty, J., Roesler, A., Sobierajski, M. and Spratt, B., 2006. Nutrition function, health and related claims on packaged Australian food products-prevalence and compliance with regulations. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 15(1), p.10.

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Second Battle of Ypres in World War I

Second Battle of Ypres in World War I The Second Battle Ypres was fought April 22 to May 25, 1915 during World War I (1914-1918) and saw the Germans conduct a limited offensive around the strategic town of Ypres in Flanders. During the course of the battle, the Germans debuted the use of poison gas on the Western Front. This new technology provided an initial advantage, but the Germans were ultimately stopped after heavy fighting. Though the Germans had not achieved a breakthrough, they succeeded in bringing Ypres within range of their artillery. Background With the German defeat at the First Battle of the Marne in September 1914 and the unraveling of the Schlieffen Plan, both sides commenced a series of flanking maneuvers in northern France and Flanders. As the two sides sought an advantage, they clashed in Picardy, Albert, and Artois. Finally reaching the coast, the Western Front became a continuous line stretching to the Swiss frontier. In October, the Germans attempted to breakthrough at the town of Ypres in Flanders. This resulted in the First Battle of Ypres which saw the Allies hold a salient around Ypres after brutal fighting. Conflicting Strategies As trench warfare continued, both sides began assessing their options for bringing the war to a successful conclusion. Overseeing German operations, Chief of the General Staff Erich von Falkenhayn preferred to focus on winning the war on the Western Front as he believed that a separate peace could be obtained with Russia. This approach clashed with General Paul von Hindenburg who wished to deliver a decisive blow in the East. Chief of the General Staff Erich von Falkenhayn. Public Domain The hero of Tannenberg, he was able to use his fame and political intrigue to influence the German leadership. As a result, the decision was made to focus on the Eastern Front in 1915.  This focus ultimately resulted in the stunningly successful Gorlice-Tarnà ³w Offensive in May. An Offensive in the West Though Germany had elected to follow an east-first approach, Falkenhayn started planning for an operation against Ypres to begin in April. Intended as a limited offensive, he sought to divert Allied attention from troop movements east, secure a more commanding position in Flanders, as well as to test a new weapon, poison gas. Though tear gas had been used against the Russians in January at Bolimov, the Second Battle of Ypres would mark the debut of lethal chlorine gas. In preparation for the assault, German troops moved 5,730 90 lb. canisters of chlorine gas to the front opposite Gravenstafel Ridge which was occupied by French 45th and 87th Divisions. These units were comprised of territorial and colonial troops from Algeria and Morocco (Map). Armies Commanders Allies General Sir Horace Smith-DorrienGeneral Herbert PlumerGeneral Henri PutzMajor General Armand de CeuninckMajor General Theophile Figeys8 divisions Germany Albrecht, Duke of Wà ¼rttemberg7 divisions The Germans Strike Around 5:00 PM on April 22, 1915, troops from Albrecht, Duke of Wà ¼rttembergs German 4th Army began releasing the gas towards the French troops at Gravenstafel. This was done by opening the gas cylinders by hand and relying on the prevailing winds to carry the gas towards the enemy.  A dangerous method of dispersal, it resulted in numerous casualties among the German forces. Drifting across the lines, the grey-green cloud struck the French 45th and 87th Divisions. Albrecht, Duke of Wà ¼rttemberg. Public Domain Unprepared for such an attack, the French troops began retreating as their comrades were blinded or collapsed from asphyxiation and damage to lung tissue. As the gas was denser than air it quickly filled low-lying areas, such as trenches, forcing the surviving French defenders into the open where they were susceptible to German fire. In short order, a gap of around 8,000 yards opened in the Allied lines as around 6,000 French soldiers died from gas-related causes. Moving forward, the Germans entered the Allied lines but their exploitation of the gap was slowed by darkness and a lack of reserves. Closing the Breach To seal the breach, the 1st Canadian Division of General Sir Horace Smith-Dorriens Second British Army was shifted to the area after dark. Forming up, elements of the division, led by the 10th Battalion, 2nd Canadian Brigade, counterattacked at Kitcheners Wood around 11:00 PM. In a brutal battle, they succeeded in reclaiming the area from the Germans, but sustained high casualties in the process. Continuing pressure on the northern part of the Ypres Salient, the Germans released a second gas attack on the morning of the 24th as part of an effort to take St. Julien (Map). The Allies Fight to Hold On Though the Canadian troops attempted to improvise protective measures such as covering their mouths and noses with water or urine-soaked handkerchiefs, they were ultimately forced to fall back though they exacted a high price from the Germans. Subsequent British counterattacks over the next two days failed to retake St. Julien and the units engaged sustained heavy losses. As fighting spread down the salient as far as Hill 60, Smith-Dorrien came to believe that only a major counter-offensive would be able to push the Germans back to their original positions.   Field Marshal Herbert Plumer. Library of Congress As such, he recommended withdrawing two miles to a new line in front of Ypres where his men could consolidate and re-form. This plan was rejected by the Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force, Field Marshal Sir John French, who elected to sack Smith-Dorrien and replace him with the commander of V Corps, General Herbert Plumer. Assessing the situation, Plumer also recommended falling back. Following the defeat of a small counter-offensive led by General Ferdinand Foch, French directed Plumer to begin the planned retreat. New German Attacks As the withdrawal began on May 1, the Germans again attacked with gas near Hill 60. Assaulting the Allied lines, they were met by fierce resistance from the British survivors, including many from the 1st Battalion of the Dorset Regiment, and were turned back. Having consolidated their position, the Allies were again attacked by the Germans on May 8. Opening with a heavy artillery bombardment, the Germans moved against the British 27th and 28th Divisions southeast of Ypres on Frezenberg Ridge. Meeting heavy resistance, they released a gas cloud on May 10. Having endured earlier gas attacks, the British had developed new tactics such as shelling behind the cloud to strike at the advancing German infantry. In six days of bloody fighting, the Germans were only able to advance around 2,000 yards. After a pause of eleven days, the Germans resumed the battle by releasing their largest gas attack to date across a 4.5 mile section of the front. Beginning before dawn on May 24, the German assault sought to capture Bellewaarde Ridge. In two days of fighting, the British bloodied the Germans but were still forced to concede another 1,000 yards of territory. Aftermath After the effort against Bellewaarde Ridge, the Germans brought the battle to a close due to a lack of supplies and manpower. In the fighting at Second Ypres, the British suffered around 59,275 casualties, while the Germans endured 34,933. In addition, the French incurred around 10,000. Though the Germans had failed to breakthrough the Allied lines, they reduced the Ypres Salient to around three miles which allowed for the shelling of the city. In addition, they had secured much of the high ground in the area. The gas attack on the first day of the battle became one of the conflicts great missed opportunities.  Had the assault been backed with sufficient reserves, it may have broken through the Allied lines. The use of poison gas had come as a tactical surprise to the Allies who roundly condemned its use as barbaric and reprehensible. Though many neutral nations agreed with this assessment, it did not stop the Allies from developing their own gas weapons which debuted at Loos that September. The Second Battle of Ypres is also notable for being the engagement during which Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, MD composed the famed poem In Flanders Fields.

Right to Die - Financial Objections Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Right to Die - Financial Objections - Essay Example And each new day makes it less and less likely. Her eyes are closed, but its not just that. Her face seems dead. She just has the same look all the time, like she was when she first collapsed. Its sort of a smile, but I think its a grimace. But it never responds, never changes. Its like looking at a corpse thats just barely breathing. Then the money problems make it so much harder. I wouldnt want my Mom to die because its hard to pay for her, but it just is. Her money is starting to run out. The ventilator, the doctor visits, the nurse checkups... they cost, and insurance doesnt cover it all. Im working two jobs to cover it. One of my jobs has insurance, but one pays just about minimum wage. I work the graveyard shift. I cant even be there to hold her hand because it costs so much money. American Hospice Foundation. â€Å"Coma and Persistent Vegetative State: An Exploration of Terms†. Cheryl Arenella, MD/MPH. http://www.americanhospice.org/articles-mainmenu-8/caregiving- mainmenu-10/50-coma-and-persistent-vegetative-state-an-exploration-of-terms . Web. Accessed

Activity Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Activity Evaluation - Essay Example mining whether the available resources in a program have been efficiently utilized towards the end of meeting the set goals/ objectives while also importantly helping the one undertaking the evaluation to enhance the program especially by learning from the successes and correcting any mistakes that may have occurred during the implementation process (one gets to understand what is working and what aspects need reconsidering). Evaluation, just like the planning of health education is a continuous process and not a one-off affair that warrants continued revisions and updates. My activity evaluation of the project embraced more of a multi-pronged approach where several various methods were utilized to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the implemented regime. In my endeavors, I employed various evaluation instruments such as interviews, questionnaires and data comparisons pre-and-post-implementation, all in attempts of conducting thorough process evaluation, impact evaluation and outcome evaluation. I collected feedback from the community regarding the health education program that had been implemented and the financial aid measures enforced therewith. I used a prepared check-list to determine whether the activities were being conducted as planned for process evaluation. For impact evaluation, I researched on behavior variations that are taking place as a consequence of the implemented activities, and also sought to know whether level of knowledge regarding Alzheimer’s had improved over time. In this very vein also, I desired to know whether a favorable attitude had been developed from our implementation, if a required skill had been instilled and if a harmful belief had been vanquished. I encountered a few challenges regarding outcome evaluation as I felt it required a bit more time to fully assess and stake claim on long-term changes as a doing of the program implementation. I was also unfortunately unable to completely, in such a short time, state the

Week4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week4 - Assignment Example Proper waste disposal management and poor sanitation due to congestion is another problem that the American residents of the 19th century faced, this posed a health risk, as the dirty conditions would be a breeding ground for diseases related to sanitation such as typhoid. With the upsurge in population, some of the essential services had to be provided by the government to mitigate the negative effects of the congestion. Some of these services include waste management systems to ensure the cities where people lived were clean and habitable for living. Another service the government provided was security services since with congestion crime also increased therefore the need to protect the people from criminals, health care is also an essential service that the government provided to the population (Boyer 34). Assuming the government did not provide the above services, the people would probably have formed vigilante groups to counter the problems of insecurity within the neighbourhoods. Waste management may have been solved by hiring of private garbage collectors or throwing waste into empty spaces within the areas that people lived in. Private medical services providers would have come in cases where the government failed to provide the medical facilities although these services would have been expensive. Among the above problems, the hardest challenge to solve would have been provision of health care since it required professionally trained personnel and specialised equipments in treating different diseases. The high cost of the treatment when provided by private health professionals would have locked many people away from these facilities. Insecurity would also have been a major concern since with formation of vigilante groups to provide security to the residents, retaliatory attacks between the criminal gangs and the vigilante groups would become

Risks To Tour Operators And Tourism Tourism Essay

Risks To Tour Operators And Tourism Tourism Essay With the following information I have been asked to examine You are an established Tour Operator offering worldwide, long haul programmes that feature Africa, The Caribbean, Dubai, The Far East and North America. Each programme uses a variety of methods of transportation, With air being the principle method. You also use local rail and ferry connections and coaches are used extensively for both touring and transfers. It is an accepted fact that major accidents and incidents can occur during the operation of a programme. Task 1 Describe the major accidents and incidents that could occur throughout the duration of the programme described above. Task 2 Produce a detailed and systematic Emergency Plan that can be put into action to deal with any major accident and/or emergency. Notes You should produce one generic plan that is capable of being implemented for all situations. Do not produce separate plans for each of the accidents and incidents identified in Task 1 above. Your plan must be comprehensive and include contact and staffing requirements, in addition to the actual plan of action. Table of Contents  ´ Page no. OBJECTIVES: i INTRODUCTION 1 WHAT IS TOURISM AND TOUR OPERATION 1 Task 1 3 1.1 Activities in tour packages. 3 1.2. Tourism and Transportation 4 1.3.Accidents in tourism 5 1.3.1. Accident Due to Natural phenomena 5 1.3.2. Accident in the Transportation 6 1.3.3.Accidents due to Activities 6 1.3.4.Biological 6 1.3.5.Accident made by man 7 1.3.6.Common Accident 7 1.4.Result of accident 7 Task 2 8 2.1.Planning for Accident 8 2.2.Identifying the main accident and develop an action plan for those accidents 8 2.3.Give necessary training for staff and information for travelersStaff. 11 2.3.2.Information to Clients 12 2.4. Implementing and monitoring the plan 13 INTRODUCTION WHAT IS TOURISM AND TOUR OPERATION According to the World Tourism Organization Tourism can define as The Activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes Tourism is the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs (Mathieson Wall, 1982, p.1) Tourism has not been defined universally because it is hard to define if tourism is an industry and what factors make a person traveling a tourist. All tourism involves travel, yet not all travel is tourism (Mill Morrison, 2002, p. 1). What this is saying that you need to go somewhere to be a tourist yet you can go somewhere and not be a tourist, simply by visiting family. Travel refers to the act of moving outside of ones usual environment for business or pleasure Tourism industry can divide into 3 main categories. These categories are depending on the type of the travel. Domestic tourism When People travel within their own country come under this section Incoming or inbound tourism When people entering the country in question from the home country, this is a type of international tourism Outbound tourism When people travel away from their home country As we discussed earlier there are some main requirements that a traveler seeks when travelling takes place. Some of them are -Accommodation -Travelling Assistant -Information Assistant In order to assist with the travel arrangements, specialized travel services providers comes in to action. They are called tour operators, a tour operator typically combines tour and travel components to create a holiday package for a individual or for group of people. Sometimes there is confusion over the difference in functions of tour operators and travel agents. Tour operators are the organizers and providers of package holidays.   Who  makes contracts with hoteliers, airlines and ground transport companies then finally print brochures and advertise the holidays that they have assembled. Travl Agency Cultural Sites Natural Sites Destinations Cultural/Social Events Ground Operators Ground Transport Resturant Transport to/From Destination Accomodation Tour OperatorTravel agents give advice, sell and administer the bookings for number of tour operators. As by definition, tour operators design packages, maintains the relationship between the other parties. Consumer The Package holidays offered may cover a wide range of destinations, both national and international, and can cover a variety of holidays, such as cruises, adventure, touring, winter and summer destinations. Task 1 Describe the major accidents and incidents that could occur throughout the duration of the programme described above. Tourist destination is the most important component in a tour package. This helps tour operator to attract tourist for their packages. Following are some of main tourist destinations tour operators use to attract tourist for their tour packages 1.1 Activities in tour packages. Based on the type and the requirement of the consumer tour operator creates a packages. If the tour package is based on adventure tourism it will mainly consist of activity based tour itinerary. These activities are based on the tourist location they visit. As an example tour package in Africa includes a safari tour, in Dubai shopping and also safaris in deserts etc. Following are some of main activities that include in a tour package. These activities can be change by demand of travel group. And also it is tour operators responsibility to arrange these activities with safety measures. Safari tour Surfing Rafting Horse riding Hiking Nature walks Hot air balloon Helicopter tours Bridge jumping Diving Whale watching Cruising Historical Places Visit Group Events in hotel Shopping Cultural event Boat Riding Another adventure events 1.2. Tourism and Transportation Transportation is the method using for travel one place to another. Travelling is main part of any kind of tourism. No tourism take place without considering about transportation. There are four main transportation methods used when it comes to travel and tourism, they are air, road, sea and railway. Most of tour operators used following methods of transportation heavily for their travel arrangements. Air :- Aviation This is the most common method use for transportation within the tourism industry. This can be divide in two ways. International and domestic travel. Tour operators get this service through the travel agents. Ground:- Coaches and Rail These are the two methods tour operators used to travel tourist in the ground. Most tour operators manage their own coaches services with well manage staff. If not they get the service from travel agents. Depend on the size of the group coaches can be varied. Railway is mainly managed by rail companies. They provide scheduled service within the home country. Tour operators may reserve seats for tourist group and use this service. Sea :- Ships, Ferry This is the transport method heavily used when people travel in the water. Ships and Ferries provide link between group of islands, or islands and a larger land mass. Tour operators get the service through the cruise or ferry operators for their packages. 1.3.Accidents in tourism An accident is a specific, unexpected, unusual and unintended external action which occurs in a particular time and place, with no apparent and deliberate cause but with marked effects. It implies a generally negative outcome which may have been avoided or prevented had circumstances leading up to the accident been recognized, and acted upon, prior to its occurrence.(Wikipidea ) As described above even in tourism there is a big possibility to take place an accident during the tour program. Following are some major accident that could happen in the tourism industry. These accident can be divided in to several section depend on the accident type and location it happens. 1.3.1. Accident Due to Natural phenomena Its a common fact that natural phenomena cause huge accident and damages to tourism industry. As an example Tsunami in 2004 December results number of deaths in the coastal area including tourist who were there at the time when it happened. Following are some of natural phenomena identified around the world Earthquakes Flood Landslides Erosion Fire Storms 1.3.2. Accident in the Transportation When tour operators creating packages as described above they use various method of transportation to travel tourist. Following are some accidents that can take place while transporting passengers, Air accidents Sea accidents Rail accidents Road accidents 1.3.3.Accidents due to Activities As we described in this article travelers are participating various kind of activities in the event. Due to these activities traveler can face to these type of accidents. Animal Attacks Pool Accident Beach accident Falling down Overturn Boat 1.3.4.Biological Also there can be certain incidents that a traveler may face with following types of accidents, Communicable diseases Food hygiene Illness 1.3.5.Accident made by man In a destination there can be sudden attracts or picketing that a traveler might face in to, some of them are Political Reasons Incident investigations Terrorist attacks Tour operator goes bankruptcy 1.3.6.Common Accident Apart from all other following accident can happen to anyone including tourist at any time in anywhere, Meat with a robbery Lost in the way 1.4.Result of accident Accident always brings up the bad result. Following are some of results can occur due to an accidents in the middle of travel package. Dead of one or more in a travel group Injured of one or more in a travel group Trip Cancellation Group stuck in a location Illness of one or more group members Delay from a schedule time Economy problem of group members Lost baggage. Task 2 Produce a detailed and systematic Emergency Plan that can be put into action to deal with any major accident and/or emergency. As describe in above accidents are unpredictable and can occur anywhere at any time of the day. Since there are many great risks involved in tourism accidents it is commonly understood there should be proper measures take before those types of incidents take place. By which will ease the situation and avoid the panic among others. 2.1.Planning for Accident It is tour operators responsibility to give safety for their travelers till the end of their journey. Using good plan to response for accident can prevent or minimize risk for travelers. In this section we are talking about how to create a common plan to face above mention accidents. An emergency plan it can be divided in to three main section. Identifying the main accident and develop a action plan for those accidents Give necessary training for the staff and information to travelers. Implement the plan and monitor the progress 2.2.Identifying the main accident and develop an action plan for those accidents In this step tour organizations must try to identify and narrow down what are the possible accident that can take place in a destination and how to develop an action plan for those. Priorities for the action plan can be changed depend on the tourist destination. As an example tour operator must give enough measures for accident related to animal attacks, communicable disease or food hygiene on trip in Africa but less in Dubai. As we design a common plan for all of those identified potential incidents we need to bring forward the most suitable emergency plan that covers most of the accidents that can happen in destination. Following are the main points that need to be considered to complete in this step. The outcome for each point can be changed according to the destination. Point 1:- appoint a person who can be in charge when accident occurs. Every tour operator must have one or several people in charge to manage an event of emergency. Each group or individual must have a responsible person to lead them, in this case basically a guide can be used to do both guiding, that is part of the service a tour operator provide and in an accident to act as a trained helper by giving proper prior training to him/her Point 2 :-appoint a member or members from staff to response when accident occurs One or more members must be included in the response team. Each of them must be given different tasks, response team must consist of following members to support in the event of emergency Communication This members responsibility is inform the head of the team first and then if required to travelers if emergency occurs Supportive This member responsibility is to check equipment, records and other thing are safe and in order. Fist aid support This one is responsible for first aid support to travelers in the event of emergency. Tour operators must identify or train current staff before members select team or appointing them to act in an accident Point 3 :-Information is very important for every emergency plan. There for following information must include in the emergency plan. These details can be changed depending on the tour destination. Emergency assembly sites When an event of accident tour operator must provide separate safe site to assemble for the travelers. As an example if the hotel met with fire put travelers to another hotel. Evacuation route Always must have a backup route to travel for destination. Then travelers can avoid a place where possible to meet with accidents. As a example avoid flood areas. Staff contact details Every action plan must have contact details of every member in the response team as well as the important numbers of tour operator company staff. Emergency contact numbers In this section must have the numbers we can get help from in the event of emergency. As an example Police, Fire Department, Hospitals Warning message receivers In this section we are keeping a person or an organization where we can get further information regarding events of an accident or situation. As an example contact details of whether department, local police station. Point 4 :- To reduce the impact of an accident tour operators must provide sufficient equipment to travelers. In this point emergency plan list down the equipment needed for a emergency First aid kit Fire distinguish Life jackets When first step is completed tour operator must come up with basic plan to meet up with the accidents. It will list down all the actions and details that they must be prepared for in an event of an accident. Following table show a sample of the outcome of first point. Using this information tour operators can minimize or prevent the effect of accident to travelers. This emergency plan must be given and communicated well with every tour guide who coordinates the travel group. Emergency Plan for Tour operator à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.for destination à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 1 Head of responsible 2 Teams Name Contact Number Communication Support First Aid 3 Information Emergency assembly sites City Site à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Evacuation route Destination Evacuation Route à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Staff contact details Name Contact Number à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Emergency contact numbers Department Number à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Warning message receivers Department Number à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. 4 Equipment Type No First aid kit Fire distinguish Life Jackets 2.3.Give necessary training for staff and information for travelersStaff. Even though tour operator makes a good emergency plan they need to involve the two parties that face the real situation. Those are staff and travelers. In this step main consideration is how to train the staff to face for accident situation and provide necessary information and assistance to the travelers. 2.3.1.Staff Training When it comes to staff training company must decide what kind of training is needed. Also company need to decide who, where and when these training to be conducted. Following are some of the trainings that members of the emergency plan must undergo to act wise and confidently in an emergency. Basic training Every staff in the organization must have an idea about emergency procedure within the organization. In this training all the staff will be trained about current emergency procedure in the organization. Following are some sections that are need to cover in this training Information handling Evacuation practice Basic first aid training Specialist training When selecting staff for the team, like first aid, communication, etc they need separate specialist training in those fields. 2.3.2.Information to Clients Before the tour starts tour operator must give information to travelers how to act when an emergency. Following are some important information that can provide to the travelers. Where is evacuation Places To whom they must inform when an emergency, like fire, illness, suspicions act. Also the contact details of staff in charge Where are the equipment to use when an event of emergency Apart from that it always good to display these information where ever possible to see to both staff and travelers. Company can use following methods to display information Handouts Display Boards Operation Manual 2.4. Implementing and monitoring the plan After above preparation tour operator must put this plan in to practice. Even through act perfectly right in company create emergency plan, does not entirely mean everything will work without any problems according to plan when in real situation. However it will help people in charge to practice and memories the things they need to do in an situation all though it always create problems when put these plan into practice. So tour operator must monitor the plan regularly and do the necessary changes to the plan. As an example if new evacuation point is created those details must update in to the plan or a member of an emergency plan leaves the operator new one should be appointed accurately. Anyhow creating an emergency plan that will be perfect for all incidents is like a never ending loop. It always goes in a circle. If there is something new or someone new comes in we need to change the plan accordingly that mean we cannot create emergency plan once and for all and use it, we need to keep on adding changes and monitor it constantly to make it accurate and effective. By implementing this kind of method can have a most reliable emergency plan for the operator. Training/ Information to staff and client Implement and Monitoring Plan Making Emegency Plan for Accident CONCLUSION Accidents in tourism is never a new or surprising thing to anybody, although accidents are common in this sector as many other sectors, tour operators must take enough precautions to minimize the impact of the accident as it will destroy the business they are involved and as well as the future of the industry, there for it is very vital to identify accidents that can occur during a tour programme and take appropriate steps to minimize these accidents and impact on those to the consumers, one generic way is to plan and implement emergency plan that covers most of the accidents and incidents that can take place while at a tour. For this, it is very important tour operator provides relevant training to the staff who are in and provide accurate information, facilities and support to minimize the impact on an accident to both consumers and to the industry itself.

Art Evaluation (year10) :: essays research papers

Art book evaluation (Year 10) This year we have been studying natural forms, this has involved using many new and different materials and techniques. Firstly we started by looking at art by Georgia O’keefe who mainly painted abstract flowers this was a new style for me as I have never tried drawing in abstract style before, after this we did two paintings in acrylics one of shells and one piece of corn and around the edge of the paintings I then collaged in the background. This was a new way of doing backgrounds for me, as I have never tried using painting and colaging together. We have also tried a picture of natural objects with pastels then used chalk to make a grey background. I didn’t really like the results of the chalk background because it was so dull. Then we did a picture of fruits in pencils and shaded them this piece was very similar to the pictures I made of fruits later in my book one in watercolour pencils and one I collaged. I was very pleased with my picture in watercolour pencils but the collage didn’t turn out to well. After this I made a page of leaves drawn in 2 styles two in pencils and two in rubbings. I was pleased with the leaves done in pencil but the rubbings didn’t look that nice as you can only get a single colour and no shading. Next continuing with the vegetation theme I made a picture of Monet’s water lilies. I was pleased with this as it allowed me to experiment with pastels and enabled me to create a strong colourful picture. Next we made a copy of a picture of Jesus on the cross in acrylic this painting was done by Gauguin. This enabled me to experiment with a new style of painting with its simple lines and bright colours. The next piece of art is the piece that I’m happiest with out of my entire book. It was a copy of a print of black and white natural objects shaded with dots and lines. This was a completely new style of shading for me and it is one that I like a lot. Then I started developing my final art piece for the year I took a section of my garden and drew and shaded it in black pen after this I did 2 or 3 more pictures of this section of my garden one in pencil one in collage and one in acrylic.

Comparing Person-based Therapy and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Abstract This paper presents a comparison of two therapeutic concepts, person-centred approach and cognitive behavioural therapy in terms of the role of counsellor and client. It specifically describes the role of the client and counsellor and then compares them accordingly. The paper will also discuss the strengths and limitations of the two approaches in order to differentiate them better. Introduction Both person-centred therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy provide support and help to patients by addressing individual matters. Both practices share the common therapeutic goal of welfare improvement. The necessity of an integrated approach to person-centred therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy has called for numerous researches to investigate the roles of the different parties (Moon, 2006). In the comparison of the two therapeutic concepts in terms of the role of counsellor and client, there is a clear difference that is well defined in the subsequent discussions. In person-centred, the patient is the expert on himself and finds his or her own way, while in CBT the counsellor is the expert and leads the patient (Branaman, 2001). The approaches also have strengths and limitations that are discusses comprehensively. Therapeutic relationship The role of the client and the counsellor In terms of the therapeutic relationship, it is critical to make sure that the result of the therapy is effective and desirable. In relation to these two approaches of counselling, the therapeutic relationships are different from each another. In each approach, the therapist and the client have different roles to play in the processes. Therapeutic relationship in the cognitive behavioural therapy resembles that between a student and his or her teacher (Burkitt, 2008). The role of the counsellor is to provide therapeutic instructions and recommendations to the client who listens and then does exactly as they are told by the therapist. In this kind of relationship, the therapist uses directive structures in directing clients on the changes in behaviour. In this instance, the therapist acts as the point of focus since they impact much on the client’s cognitive and behavioural changes (Branaman, 2001). However, for the purposes of desirable and effective outcomes, collaboration is emphasised in the process of the therapy. The therapist employs Socratic dialogue, which is essential in supporting clients in tenets like the identification of assumptions, values and norms that have affected the emotional and psychological functionality. It involves a disciplined questioning or probing that can be used in the pursuing of thought in various directions and for several purposes, which include exploration of complex ideas (Timulak, 2005). The therapist in this approach questions the client to find out the reality of things, to open up matters together with problems, to reveal presumptions and beliefs and to find out what they know and what they do not know, as well as following out rational meanings of thought and managing the discussion (Burkitt, 2008). The technique is important in the relationship between the client and the therapist because it is disciplined, methodical and normally focuses on critical principles, matters and problems. In addition to this, the client is encouraged by the therapist to chang e these assumptions and identify an unconventional concept for the present and future living (Timulak, 2005). The therapist, in this instance, assists in the promotion of the adoption of remedial learning skills. The client, in this kind of association is always presented with new insights in relation to the matters they are experiencing and thus chooses the most effective and efficient ways of acquiring change. The cognitive behavioural therapy employs the methods that are aimed at individual counselling. It employs the Socratic Method that comprises of numerous questions to be responded to by the client. Counsellors employ various techniques of behaviour, emotion and cognition; different techniques are tailored to fit individual clients (Wetherell et al 2001). Nevertheless, the client is also given chance to ask the therapist some questions. The approach utilises the aspect of homework or coursework that encourages the patients to practice the skills acquired. Therefore, cognitive behavioural therapy’s major technique is the ABC one, which employs the Socratic concept. On the other hand, the therapeutic relationship in the person-centred therapy is very different from the cognitive behavioural therapy. Here, the relationship between the therapist and the client is critical because the therapy focuses on the client as they turn to be the point of focus of the therapy. As a result of this, the therapist has to make sure that there is maintenance of respect, empathy and honesty towards the client (Timulak, 2005). Communication is also important in this approach particularly between the counsellor and the client. The relationship should be equal since it important in enabling change in the client. The client centred therapy approach utilises the attitudes of the therapist as the main technique. The therapist’s attitude towards the patient determines the result of the whole process. The approach makes use of the aspects of listening and hearing and clarification of feelings and ideas (Timulak, 2005). This approach does not employ the methods that encompass directive aspects. In this therapy, there is nothing like questioning or probing, which are commonly seen or done in the cognitive behavioural therapy. Strengths of cognitive behavioural therapy Of all the known psychological therapies, cognitive behavioural therapy is the most clinically researched and examined and is generally considered as one of the most effective means of dealing with anxiety (Wetherell et al 2001). The approach is affordable and the overall procedure of treatment can last for as few as six sessions of one hour each for minor cases of anxiety, though normally in the area of 10-20 sessions. It has more appeal or attraction in the sense that it is exclusively natural and different from medication, there are no harms or side effects. The therapy is most commonly provided as a face-to-face remedy between the counsellor and patient but there is more evidence to demonstrate that its principles can be used in several other frameworks (Denscombe, 2007). For instance, interactive computerized cognitive behavioural therapy is on the rise, however, it can be given in groups or in the self-help books. These alternatives are very appealing to people that find the pr acticalities or ideas of frequent meetings with a counsellor not suiting them. CBT is an approach that is highly structured and involves the patient and the counsellor collaborating on the objectives of treatment that are specific, quantifiable, time-limited, attainable and actual or real. The patient is motivated to break down the behaviours, feelings and thoughts that confine them in an undesirable cycle and they get to learn strategies and skills that can be used in the daily life for the purposes of helping them cope better (Burkitt, 2008). Weaknesses of cognitive behavioural therapy There are some problems with cognitive behavioural therapy that make it undesirable and unsuitable for some individuals. The concept might not be effective for individuals with mental health problems that are more complex or for those that have difficulties in learning. The major focus of the concept is usually about the patient and their capacity to change their behaviours. Some individuals feel like this is a focus that is too narrow, and disregards too many significant matters such as family, histories of self and extensive emotional issues (Moon, 2006). There is no scope within the concept for individual examination and exploration of emotions, or even of looking at the challenging issues from different angles or perspectives. For these matters to be dealt with in a proper manner, a patient would have to turn to another method, probably along the lines of the psychodynamic counselling. In order to fully gain from the cognitive behavioural therapy, the client has to make sure that they give a substantial level of commitment and dedication as well as participation. Those who argue against the therapy claim that since it only deals with the present issues, and focuses on issues that are very specific, it does not adequately address the probable causes of the mental health problems like a child who is not happy (Furedi, 2004). Sceptics of the concept claim that just by an individual being told that their perceptions of the world do not correctly reflect the reality by the concept’s counsellor are not enough to change the cognition of a patient. A criticism that is more salient for some patients might be that the counsellor initially may accomplish something of a specialist role, in the sense that they offer expertise or experience that is problem solving in the cognitive psychology (Palmer, 2001). Some individuals might also feel that the counsellor can be playing a leading role in their probing and somehow commanding in terms of their suggestions. Patients who are okay with self-examination, who readily employ the scientific approach for the exploration of their personal therapy and who put confidence in the basic theoretical method of cognitive therapy, might find the concept an important one (Gillon, 2007). However, patients that appear to be less easy or contented with any of these, or even whos e suffering is of a more common interpersonal nature, to an extent that it cannot be in a position of easily being framed as an interplay or interaction between behaviours, thoughts and emotions within a particular environment might find this kind of therapy useful to them and their conditions. Cognitive behavioural therapy has always proved to be helpful to the people that suffer from serious conditions, such as depression, uneasiness, fear or obsessive compulsive and panic (Denscombe, 2007). Strengths of person-centred therapy The concept of the approach is that the patient is the best professional or expert on themselves and has the best position of helping themselves. Its strengths include the fact that the patient is the one guiding the experience whereas the therapist reflects on what the patient is doing or saying and can paraphrase the ideas together with practices (Giddens, 2001). The therapist does not judge the patient as being right or wrong. The objective of the person-centred therapy is improving the trust of the patient in themselves and their self-confidence. It also helps them in becoming more able to live in the period, and letting go of the emotions that are unproductive and negative, such as guilt regarding the past events that are difficult to change (Branaman, 2001). Weaknesses of person-centred therapy The fact that the approach is client-led is one of its biggest weaknesses since it is up to the patient to be in a position of processing information and making rational decisions for their personal well-being. In case the client is not capable of doing this as required by the concept, the cornerstone of a therapist not making judgments about the information provided or processed by the client can turn out to be counterproductive to the patient’s welfare (Robb et al, 2004). The approach requires creation of an extended and honest relationship with a counsellor (Bolton, 2001). The advocates of this therapy would claim that the counsellor could work faster, if that is their wish. However, if they are less than one hundred per cent committed to working via their issues, the required duration of the treatment can seriously exceed or surpass the money and time of the patient. Still the counsellors would cite that unlike cognitive behavioural therapy, the major focus of the treatment or approach is about ‘being in the period’ and the concerns of today, instead of upon long-ago past excavation (Branaman, 2001). Conclusion In the discussions above, it is apparent that these two therapies have different approaches to treating patients of the same and different problems. Both of them focus on the conscious mind, the current issues and problems that the patients might have. Both of them have a positive perception of the nature of human beings and perceive the person as not essentially being an outcome of their past experiences, but recognise that they are capable of determining their individual futures. Both approaches try to improve the welfare of patients by way of a collaborative therapeutic relationship, which allows and enhances health adaptation techniques in patients that are having psychological pain and distress in their lives. The biggest differences in the two approaches include the fact that the relationship between clients and therapists differ. The role of the counsellor in cognitive behavioural therapy is to provide therapeutic instructions and recommendations to the client who listens and then exactly does as they are told, while in the person-centred therapy, the relationship between the therapist and the client is critical because it on the client as they turn to be the point of focus. References Bolton, G. (2001). Reflective Practice: Writing and Professional Development. London: Sage. Giddens, A. (2001). Sociology (4th Ed). Cambridge: Polity (Classic Text). Gillon, E. (2007). Person-Centred Counselling Psychology. London: Sage. Branaman, A. (2001). Self and Society. Oxford: Blackwell. Burkitt, I. (2008). Social Selves: Theories of Self and Society. London: Sage. Denscombe, M. (2007). The Good Research Guide. (3rd Ed). Maidenhead: Open University Press. Furedi, F. (2004). Therapy culture. London: Routledge. Moon, J. A. (2006). Learning Journals. London: Routledge. Palmer, S. (ed.) (2001). Multicultural Counselling: A Reader. London: Sage. Robb, M. et al (eds) (2004). Communication, Relationships and Care; A Reader. London: Routledge Timulak R. (2005). Research in Psychotherapy and Counselling. London: Sage. Wetherell, M., Taylor, T., Yates, S. J. ( eds) (2001). Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader. London: Sage.

Growth Mindset Professor Ramos Blog

Growth Mindset Introduction Have you ever met someone who said something like, Im simply bad at math? Did you know that this is a preconceived limitation that is simply not true? Its called a fixed mindset. While its common for people to get discouraged when they fail at something too often human beings are quick to wage war on themselves. Someone who would say theyre bad at something is actually just bad at having this thing called a growth mindset. Often individuals accept these preconceived limitations, but the reality is human beings are really just terrible at estimating their abilities. Its true that every individual has their initial talents, aptitudes, interests, and temperaments, (24) but these natural inherent qualities are not fixed and subject to change. We like to put ourselves and others into boxes saying things like, smart or dumb, hes good at this but not at that. Theyre good or bad. Degenerate or prodigy. Labels are important and necessary but they should not be used to define an individual. We humans are not one-dimensional. Judgments are inevitable but they prevent us from learning and ultimately from growing. To summarize psychologist Carol Dweck, author of the book Mindset: The New Psychology of Success and creator of this concept, when our minds are fixed we spend our time documenting our intelligence or talent instead of developing them (42). In my report I will first Define what a growth mindset is and who came up with it, explain the difference between a fixed and growth mindset, simplify how to obtain it, show its effectiveness through a personal story and explain why its important. What is a Growth Mindset? Simply put a growth mindset is the belief that abilities can be developed. Its a belief that construes intelligence as malleable and improvable (Ng). Its opposite counterpart, a fixed mindset, is the belief that abilities are fixed. Whether we are aware or not we all have beliefs, or non-beliefs, that strongly affect what we want and whether we succeed in getting it. Carol Dweck focuses on beliefs you have about yourself and how it has profound effects. She says these beliefs guide a large part of your life. In fact, it permeates every part (Dweck). The Difference Between a Fixed and Growth Mindset A fixed mindset is the belief that your qualities are carved in stone. Dweck says this creates an urgency to prove yourself over and over. If you have only a certain amount of intelligence, a certain personality, and a certain moral character, well then youd better prove that you have a healthy dose of them. It simply wouldnt do to look or feel deficient in these most basic characteristics (11). Its a defense mechanism against feeling inadequate. Dweck says shes seen so many people with this one consuming goal of proving themselves in a learning setting, their careers, and in their relationships. Every situation calls for a confirmation of their intelligence, personality, or character. Every situation is elevated: will I succeed or fail? Will I look smart or dumb? Will I be accepted or rejected? Will I feel like a winner or a loser (16)? On the other hand is the growth mindset, based on the belief that your basic qualities are thing s you can cultivate through your efforts, your strategies and help from others. Although people may differ in every which way with their initial talents, aptitudes, interests, or temperaments, everyone can change and grow through application and experience (7). The difference between the two is in the following expressions. Someone with a growth mindset might say nothing ventured, nothing gained and if at first you dont succeed, try, try again or Rome wasnt built in a day. To summarize Dweck she says, what is truly amazing is that people with a fixed mindset would not agree. For them, its nothing ventured, nothing lost. if at first you dont succeed, you probably dont have the ability. If Rome wasnt built in a day, maybe it wasnt meant to be. In other words, risk and effort are two things that might Reveal your inadequacies and show that you are not up to the task. Those with a fixed mindset do not believe in putting in effort or getting help. They can do it on their own. Humans are the only species that believe they can do everything on their own. Every other species socializes and depends upon each other but human beings are self-made individuals that can and have relied solely on them self. It sounds nice, independent and confident but this way of thinking can actually be insecure and limiting. How to Obtain a Growth Mindset We need each other to learn and to grow. This is one thing the growth mindset teaches. Dont be afraid to raise your hand and ask someone if dont know something. That fear makes you a nonlearner. Not knowing something makes you human. Dweck quotes Benjamin Barber, an eminent political theorists saying I dont divide the world into the weak and the strong, or the successes and the failures I divide the world into the Learners and nonlearners. If youd like to cultivate a growth mindset and be a learner you can. Saga Briggs breaks down 25 ways to develop a growth mindset, Ill list the ones that resonate with me: Use the word yet. Whenever you see a student struggling with a task, just tell them they havent mastered it yet. Not yet. Acknowledge and embrace imperfections. Hiding from your weaknesses means youll never overcome them. Follow the research on brain plasticity. The brain isnt fixed; the Mind shouldnt be either. Replace the word failing with the word learning. When you make a mistake or fall short of a goal, you havent failed; youve learned. Now what did you learn? Cultivate a sense of purpose. Dwecks research also showed that students with a growth mindset had a greater sense of purpose. Keep the big picture in mind. Value the process over the end result. Intelligent people enjoy the learning process, and dont mind when it continues beyond an expected time frame. Personal Story: Mengyuan Wu Mengyuan Wu came from a traditional Chinese culture where she was taught some people are naturally talented and that this was the only way she could be truly good at something. When she was young her mother strived to discover her talents and so she was sent to a variety of classes. None of the classes pique her interest and so she was labeled as being without flexibility, artistic sense or any talent. With the belief that the goal of Education was to achieve excellent academic performance Mengyuan consequently felt a lot of pressure. Later she was introduced to the growth mindset concept and remembered a quote that goes like this: What matters is what you learn and get out of it, not how high your score is. With this in mind pressure slid off her shoulders and she started learning for the sake of learning instead of validation. She felt less stressed and thus could perform better. She applied the growth mindset beyond academics and took up a passion in fencing. Her parents never let her fence when she was younger because they didnt think she had the talent. As an adult her parents still had their doubts about their daughters passion but the growth mindset gave her a renewed confidence. She pushed her physical limits and persevered winning a bronze medal. When deciding on a college and whether to take up fencing the growth mindset altered her perspective on the fear of not being good enough and being rejected. She remembered what mattered; what you learn and get out of it and not how high your score is. Mengyuan’s choice in college didnt come from a place of proving herself. She came to understand that the best university for her was not the university on the top of the list but rather one that best matched her. She enrolled herself in a school and a sport that she enjoyed and when she failed she persevered and learned from it because it was what she wanted to do. Why is a Growth Mindset Important? This mindset is important because its natural consequence is success. Empirical Studies have revealed that growth mindset has positive effects on student motivation and academic performance of all ages (Ng). According to Dweck, teaching growth mindset to Junior High School students resulted in increased motivation and better academic achievement, especially in particular subjects such as science and mathematics. Furthermore mindsets play a significant role in student success. The development of growth mindsets allows children to exercise autonomy over their learning thus producing higher success (Boylan et al). In order to understand why this mindset is important you need to know that this mindset feeds intrinsic motivation. When people experience an inherent satisfaction of an activity itself they are intrinsically motivated. If a person is doing the activity in order to attain some reward, such as a grade or social recognition they are extrinsically motivated. Intrinsic motivation is much more powerful. When you have a growth mindset you are acting out of intrinsic motivation and when your actions are motivated by your individual interests and choices you foster a sense of purpose and meaning. In other words youre not just doing or learning something because you have to but because you want to.So if you have no purpose in life but you cultivate a growth mindset and act out of autonomy you will feed intrinsic motivation and therefore foster a sense of purpose. A growth mindset is important because it could potentially be the cure for depression and because of the positive impact it has on students. Theres a reason teachers dont call you stupid when you ask a stupid question because theyve cultivated this mindset. This concept is in our school systems because its more than important, its effective. Conclusion To summarize Carol Dweck, the passion for stretching yourself and sticking to it, even (or especially) when its not going well, is the Hallmark of the growth mindset. This is a mindset that allows people to thrive during some of the most challenging times in their lives. By this concept nobody and nothing can hold us back. No matter who you are, where you come from or what youve been through your capabilities are limitless with infinite possibilities to choose from. In other words, no matter what life throws at us we can do anything we set our minds to, man.

Godwins Law

Godwins Law Godwin’s Law Godwin’s Law By Maeve Maddox Mike Godwin is an American attorney and author who formulated â€Å"Godwin’s Law† in 1990 when he made the following assertion: As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches 1. Note: In probability theory, an event is said to never happen when its probability is 0, and to always happen when its probability is 1. Godwin’s Law, also known as â€Å"Godwin’s Law of Nazi Analogies,† is applicable to threaded online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the OED: Godwin’s Law: noun. A facetious aphorism maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes inevitable that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis. Although coined to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of â€Å"the Nazi card† in other contexts, as in this account of Ted Cruz’s filibuster to delay a vote on the Affordable Care Act: In the course of the afternoon wegot some Nazi analogies, just proving that Godwin’s Law holds for filibusters as for online discussion. and in this blog: And it’s not only online discussions that prove Godwin’s Law, I remember sitting at lunch with a construction crew when one of the carpenters brought up my work in the pro-life movement: â€Å"Yep, tea-baggers are always telling people how to live, just like the Nazis.† Clashdaily A complaint by many forum users is that the so-called law is stifling discussion. One commenter invokes a Nazi analogy and another crows, â€Å"You said Hitler, so I win!† At that point, the discussion ends. The term has spawned a verb, â€Å"to Godwin,† as in, â€Å"You Godwined this discussion!† The invocation of Godwin’s Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here are some complaints voiced by forum users: It seems like Godwins law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, Nazis, or the Holocaust are brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is derided. This wouldnt be a problem if it was just people injecting these things into seemingly unrelated topics, but people invoke Godwins law even when the Hitler/Nazi/Holocaust mention is relevant to the topic at hand. forum user Before I get started Im aware that originally â€Å"Godwins Law† didnt carry the now common meaning of You said Hitler, So I Win! that so many people seem to think it means. forum user Nazism is a cultural meme that encapsulates not just the notion of political authoritarianism, but of the worst possible human behavior towards other human beings. Note: In a theory of mental content called memetics, a meme is analogous to a gene in the theory of evolution. A meme represents a unit of culture (idea, belief, pattern of behavior) that travels from mind to mind. Perhaps Nazi analogies are best reserved for discussions of the dehumanization and inhumane treatment of large numbers of human beings. If the intention is to compare one form of authoritarianism to another, without the connotation of racism or genocide, perhaps one of the following word choices would meet the need: fascism: any form of right-wing authoritarianism. totalitarianism: Totalitarian theory and practice; the advocacy of totalitarian government. Also loosely, authoritarianism dictatorship: A system of government by the absolute rule of a single individual; despotism: The rule of a despot; despotic government; the exercise of absolute authority. autocracy: (A system of) government by one person with absolute power; a state, society, etc. governed in this way. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid"Latter," not "Ladder"20 Ways to Laugh

Catfish noodling Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Catfish noodling - Research Paper Example To be specific, those who indulge in noodling must know swimming and other techniques related to it. Similar to other sports items, noodling requires team effort. Robert Z. Cohen states that, â€Å"Noodling has become so popular in the South that the Okie Noodling Festival is held annually at Pauls Valley, Oklahoma† (29). One must not misunderstand that noodling is a simple technique. Instead, noodling requires physical fitness, experience, and basic knowledge on flathead catfish. Besides, these who indulge in this activity make use of their bare hands, but no other tools. If the flathead catfish is spotted within deep rivers/lakes, the process of noodling becomes more interesting. Some experienced noodlers catch fish which are living in underwater caves. So, one cannot ignore the sports value of noodling because the same is a group activity. One can see that the spread of noodling is limited to the scenario of American South. To be specific, noodling is an activity with immense cultural/traditional value. Tim M. Berra states that, â€Å"Local people in the southern United States may capture flat-heads by noodling† (159). The noodlers select others as spotters to spot and chase catfish. The partnership between a noodler/noodlers and spotter will be long-lasting because an experienced spotter can be helpful for a noodler. So, one can see that noodling leads to proper socialization and cohesion among members within the group. As noodling is limited within a specific geographical area (say, American South), it possesses certain cultural characteristics which is symbolic of traditional style of fishing. So, one can see that the socio-cultural significance of noodling is related to its characteristics as a group activity and as a traditional fishing technique. On the other side, modern fishing methods like angling does not require this much effort to catch fish. As the noodlers make use of their hands to catch